DISTRIBUTION OF METASTATIC LYMPH-NODES IN COLORECTAL-CANCER BY THE MODIFIED CLEARING METHOD

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to clarify the distribution of lymp h node metastasis in colorectal cancer. We also examined the relations hip between the primary tumor (T) and the regional node (N) categories of the TNM (primary tumor, regional nodes, metastasis) classification . METHOD: Lymph nodes of surgical specimens in 311 consecutive patient s with colorectal cancer were studied using the modified clearing meth od. RESULTS: Lymph node metastasis was seen in 59.2 percent of the tot al cases. The upward metastasis rate was 30.7 percent. In the longitud inal spread, most of the lymph node metastasis was seen within 10 cm. On the oral side in rectal cancer, there was no metastasis beyond 4 cm . The lateral metastasis rate in rectal cancer was 8.8 percent and in the lower rectum, the rate of cancer within 6 cm from the anal verge o r beyond pT3 was much higher. CONCLUSION: In the TNM classification, t here was no significant difference between colon and rectal cancer exc ept pT1 with rectal cancer. In the lower rectal cancer within 6 cm fro m the anal verge or beyond pT3, there is a high risk of lateral metast asis, and lateral lymph node dissection or radiation therapy should be performed.