SUPPRESSION OF THE NOCTURNAL FREE FATTY-ACID LEVELS BY BEDTIME CORNSTARCH IN NIDDM SUBJECTS

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a large dos e of slow-release carbohydrates (CHOs) at bedtime on the nocturnal glu cose, insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, and to assess the puta tive effects on morning fasting and post-prandial glucose levels in pa tients with moderately controlled non-insulindependent diabetes mellit us (NIDDM). Unheated cornstarch (106 g of CHO) or a mixed equicaloric meal (58 g of CHO) was given at 22.00 hours to 10 NIDDM patients. For comparison, the patients were also given a smaller mixed meal at 22.00 hours on a third occasion (17 g of CHO). Compared with the mixed meal s, cornstarch led to a slightly elevated early-morning plasma insulin level and a suppression of the nocturnal FFA level (P <0.05), as well as to a reduced incremental glucose level (IAUC) after breakfast the n ext morning by approximately 30% (P <0.05). There was a significant an d linear relationship between the nocturnal FFA level and the glucose IAUC after breakfast (r=0.44, P <0.02), indicating that the effect may have been mediated by the suppressive effect of cornstarch on nocturn al lipolysis. In summary, bedtime intake of unheated cornstarch in NID DM subjects is associated with a suppression of the nocturnal FFA leve ls and a reduced glucose IAUC after breakfast. As the treatment did no t improve overall glucose control, studies of the effects of an indivi dually titrated amount of cornstarch are proposed to further explore t he putative favourable effects of bedtime cornstarch in the treatment of NIDDM.