FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELENIUM INTAKE OF PEOPLE IN TRANSBAIKALIAN RUSSIA

The selenium concentration in foods grown and consumed and in plasma, red blood cells, and toenails of people living in the district of Chit a in the transbaikalian part of Russia were studied in August 1991. Pr eliminary results from the area have suggested low selenium intakes an d the possible occurrence of cardiomyopathy (Keshan disease) in the po pulation. A low selenium concentration in foods grown locally was foun d: mean selenium concentration in wheat grains was 1, 5, and 28 mu g/k g, respectively, in three villages studied, that of oats was between 3 -6 mu g/kg, and of cow's milk 10-27 mu g/kg dry matter. The selenium c oncentration of bread was considerably higher, between 87-337 mu g/kg dry wt, presumably because wheat imported from the US had been used fo r baking. Occasional samples of pork, beef, and mutton contained betwe en 32-218 mu g selenium/kg dry wt. Low selenium concentrations were ob served in samples of soil and river water. The mean plasma selenium co ncentration of 52 persons was 1.02 mu mol/L, including 33 children and 19 adult subjects. The selenium concentrations in red blood cells and toenails were 1.95 mu mol/L and 0.61 mg/kg, respectively. No symptoms of heart disease caused by selenium deficiency were observed. It is c oncluded that the selenium status of people was fairly good thanks to the contribution to dietary intake of imported wheat with a high selen ium content. As the selenium concentration was very low in foods grown in the area, the selenium intake of the population will be reduced to a very low level if only locally produced foods are consumed.