Budding and fission yeast present significant advantages for studies o
f the actin cytoskeleton. The application of classical and molecular g
enetic techniques provides a facile route for the analysis of structur
e/function relationships, for the isolation of novel proteins involved
in cytoskeletal function, and for deciphering the signals that regula
te actin assembly in vivo. This review focuses on the budding yeast Sa
ccharomyces cerevisiae and also identifies some recent advances from s
tudies on the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, for which studi
es on the actin cytoskeleton are still in their infancy.