Systemic cryptococcosis was diagnosed in a common anaconda (Eunectes m
urinus) that died after a 2.5-mo history of progressive neurologic dis
ease. Pathologic examination revealed granulomatous pneumonia and meni
ngoencephalitis associated with yeast organisms morphologically consis
tent with Cryptococcus. Cryptococcus neoformans was confirmed as the e
tiologic agent using a specific fluorescent antibody test for this pat
hogenic yeast. This is the first reported case of C. neoformans infect
ion in a poikilothermic host.