A 30-year-old black male soldier with sickle cell trait presented with
fatal exertional rhabdomyolysis (which was during 14 hours at a field
clinic). After prompt treatment for heat exhaustion, his symptoms see
med mild and he was afebrile. His clinical course illustrates the pote
ntial for severe illness in the absence of fever, the importance of as
sessing mental dysfunction, indications for laboratory evaluation, the
need for comprehensive management of severe dehydration and acidosis,
common laboratory features of acute renal failure and exertional rhab
domyolysis, and the increased risk of exercise-related death in those
with sickle cell trait.