A general method is formulated for the derivation of the modulation Wh
itham equations of periodic solutions to integrable equations describe
d by the AKNS scheme. The method provides the Whitham equations in a f
orm convenient for applications. It is illustrated by the derivation o
f a new form of the Whitham equations corresponding to the modulation
of one- and two-phase periodic solutions of the nonlinear Schrodinger
equation.