Both observational and instrumentation-based techniques have been used
to conduct postural stress analysis in industry. As observational met
hods are more widespread than instrumentation-based techniques and can
be used as a practical tool in the workplace, this study reviews and
assesses the scientific literature on observational techniques. Techni
ques are classified into macropostural, micropostural and postural-wor
k activity. The basis for each classification is outlined and evaluate
d. Postural recording is performed either continuously or intermittent
ly. Intermittent postural recording procedures lack the criteria for d
etermining the optimum number of observations for low and high repetit
ive jobs. Research is warranted to examine the sources and magnitudes
of errors associated with postural classification. Such information is
required to train job analysts in the ergonomics of working postures.