Jpl. Cox et al., A DIRECTORY OF HUMAN GERM-LINE V-CHI SEGMENTS REVEALS A STRONG BIAS IN THEIR USAGE, European Journal of Immunology, 24(4), 1994, pp. 827-836
From the genomic DNA of a single individual, we have amplified, cloned
and sequenced 37 human germ-line V-kappa segments. Four of these segm
ents were new. We then compiled a comprehensive directory of all germ-
line V-kappa segments and identified 50 different sequences with open
reading frames. Comparison with 236 rearranged sequences revealed that
no more than 24 of these germ-line sequences could be assigned rearra
nged counterparts, that some of these were rarely used, and that only
about 11 sequences are used frequently. This suggests that the express
ed V-kappa repertoire is mainly derived from a limited number of segme
nts. Most surprisingly, the J(kappa)-distal region of the locus appear
s to be rarely used: we could unambiguously assign 162 rearranged sequ
ences to V-kappa segments of the J(kappa)-proximal region, but only 5
to segments of the J(kappa) -distal region.