THE PHOSPHOLIPID-COMPOSITION OF EXTRACELLULAR HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRIONS DIFFERS FROM THAT OF HOST-CELL NUCLEI

Citation
Il. Vangenderen et al., THE PHOSPHOLIPID-COMPOSITION OF EXTRACELLULAR HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRIONS DIFFERS FROM THAT OF HOST-CELL NUCLEI, Virology, 200(2), 1994, pp. 831-836
Citations number
52
Categorie Soggetti
Virology
Journal title
ISSN journal
00426822
Volume
200
Issue
2
Year of publication
1994
Pages
831 - 836
Database
ISI
SICI code
0042-6822(1994)200:2<831:TPOEHV>2.0.ZU;2-3
Abstract
Enveloped Viruses of eukaryotes obtain their membrane by budding throu gh a cellular membrane. Therefore, most frequently the lipid compositi on of the virion envelope reflects that of the membrane where budding took place. In the case of herpes simplex viruses, nucleocapsids assem ble in the nucleus and bud through the inner nuclear membrane. The pat hway from the perinuclear space to the extracellular medium is as yet poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that the phospholipid compositi on of extracellular herpes simplex virions differs from that of nuclei isolated from the infected cells. The viral membrane contains threefo ld higher concentrations of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine. Thes e lipids are typically enriched in the Golgi apparatus and plasma memb rane. The data are in agreement with a model in which herpes simplex v irus, after budding through the inner nuclear membrane, loses its enve lope by fusing with the outer nuclear membrane and obtains a new membr ane by budding into a compartment late in the exocytotic pathway, very likely the Golgi apparatus or membranes derived from it. Alternativel y, because the perinuclear space is continuous with the ER lumen, the virus after its first budding may be transported through the exocytoti c pathway without ever leaving the lumen of the subsequent compartment s. in that case, either the virions, while budding through the nuclear membrane select for sphingomyelin and phosphatidylserine, or the orig inal lipids of the viral envelope are exchanged for lipids of an exocy totic membrane, most likely by a transient membrane continuity between the virion and the vesicle by which it is surrounded. Light particles , virus-like particles that lack capsid and DNA but contain tegument a nd envelope proteins, displayed the same lipid composition as complete herpes simplex virions, suggesting that they also acquired their enve lope from a Golgi membrane, (C) 1994 Academic Press, Inc.