A. Bourdier et L. Michellours, CHAOTIC ELECTRON TRAJECTORIES IN A HELICAL-WIGGLER FREE-ELECTRON LASER, Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment, 341(1-3), 1994, pp. 244-249
When taking into account the equilibrium self-fields of the beam, it h
as been confirmed that the motion of an electron in a helical wiggler
with guide field may be chaotic. There is evidence of chaos from numer
ical calculations of non-zero Lyapunov exponents and Poincare maps.