This is the first study comparing community-based and hospitalized hom
eless dually diagnosed men to assess correlates of psychiatric hospita
lization. A retrospective review was carried out comparing housing, su
bstance abuse, and psychiatric histories of three cohorts: 53 previous
ly homeless men interviewed while hospitalized for dual psychiatric an
d addictive disorders, 87 homeless men previously hospitalized, and 50
0 homeless men never hospitalized. Individuals reporting current or pa
st psychiatric hospitalization more often reported a history of illici
t drug use. The findings suggest that history of illicit drug use by h
omeless men is associated with a higher risk of psychiatric hospitaliz
ation.