The atomic force microscope (AFM, also referred to as the scanning for
ce microscope, SFM) generates images of samples by measuring force int
eractions between the sample and a small, sharp tip on the end of a fl
exible cantilever. The general nature of this method permits the inves
tigator to examine a large variety of sample types, including biologic
al specimens. This review will focus on the application of AFM to imag
ing living cells.