Nature has evolved computing engines whose intelligence and natural ab
ilities are unrivaled by modem computers. To match Mother Nature's abi
lities, we must overcome the same difficulties faced by natural system
s, and we must learn to perform reliable computing with unreliable com
ponents. Steps in this direction are being taken by several groups at
the Applied Physics Laboratory and at The Johns Hopkins University Dep
artment of Electrical and Computer Engineering. The purpose of the wor
k is twofold: (1) to explore algorithms based on physical and neural m
odels of computation and (2) to develop useful applications. We descri
be the basic approach and an experimental electronic neural network fo
r the decompression of one-dimensional signals.