A THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL-ANALYSIS OF THE RECEIVED SIGNAL FROM DISTURBED BLOOD-FLOW

A theoretical and experimental study of the received ultrasonic signal from calibrated stenotic flow phantoms is presented. A finite element analysis of the velocity profile for 30, 50, and 80% stenoses provide s a basis for the study of the experimental results. High-resolution i mages of the returned signal obtained from a unique experimental syste m and a high volume concentration of scatterers are then presented. We show that in the presence of 30 and 50% stenoses, particularly for th e low velocities which would be associated with diastole, the duration of the signal correlation increases in a region which is distal to th e stenosis and near the vessel walls, rather than the expected decreas e. This results from the decrease in the mean velocity and velocity sp read within this region. In the presence of high velocities associated with systolic flow, the magnitude of the reverse flow component incre ases as does the peak velocity in the center of the vessel. These chan ges produce an increase in the radial velocity gradient, a shift in th e gradient peak, and a decrease in the correlated signal interval in c omparison with laminar flow. Thus, the spatial variation in the mean v elocity and velocity gradient, and spatial variation in the signal cor relation can be used to detect the change in the flow profile.