The Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (PDMS) is a widely used clinica
l measure for evaluating fine motor performance in children. In additi
on, the PDMS has been in used research settings, including the AIDS Cl
inical Trials Group (ACTG), which incorporates the PDMS in many pediat
ric treatment protocols. However, little information exists about the
reliability and validity of the measure in clinical populations. In th
is study, children vertically infected with human immunodeficiency vir
us (HIV) and seroreverters were tested on three occasions (baseline, 6
months, and 12 months) to explore the utility of longitudinal measure
ment with this instrument. Both groups demonstrated wide fluctuations
in scores over time, raising questions about the measure's test charac
teristics. Possible causes for these observations and potential soluti
ons are presented.