U. Schellenberger et al., PARTIAL RESTORATION OF ACTIVITY TO LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE FOLLOWING INACTIVATION BY DOMAIN DELETION, Biochemistry, 33(18), 1994, pp. 5623-5629
Thymidylate synthase (TS) from Lactobacillus casei has a 50 amino acid
insert (residues 90-139) in the small domain that is found in only on
e other TS. A deletion mutant was constructed which lacked the entire
insert, thereby reducing the small domain to the-size found in Escheri
chia coli TS. This mutant did not catalyze the formation of dTMP. From
the crystal structure of L. casei TS, we surmised that the loss of ac
tivity might have resulted from the exposure of residues of helices C
and D, which were previously buried by the insert. To restore the loca
l structure of helices C and D in the deletion mutants, we replaced se
veral residues in this region by the corresponding residues found in E
. coli TS. The mutant whose sequence most closely resembled that of E.
coli TS carried six mutations and possessed partially restored TS act
ivity. The mutant which had all those mutations except F87D did not ca
talyze any dTMP formation. The crucial role of F87D was proven in a de
letion mutant which had only this change and showed greatly increased
activity. All of the mutants catalyzed the debromination of BrdUMP in
the absence of cofactor about as well as wild type TS. The kinetic par
ameters for dTMP formation of the active mutants show that the deletio
n has its major effect on k(cat) and binding of cofactor CH(2)H(4)fola
te, with less effect on binding of the substrate dUMP. Removal of resi
dues 90-139 is believed to disorder helices C and D, which in turn dec
reases cofactor binding and catalysis.