F. Ghirardi et al., QUASI-PLANAR SPOT-SIZE TRANSFORMER FOR EFFICIENT COUPLING BETWEEN A CLEAVED FIBER AND AN INP INGAASP RIB WAVE-GUIDE/, IEEE photonics technology letters, 6(4), 1994, pp. 522-524
A spot-size transformer structure is proposed for InP/InGaAsP double-h
eterostructure (DH) rib waveguide. Vertical expansion of a factor of 7
is achieved with 3 dB internal loss. Coupling from standard cleaved f
ibre (11 mum diameter mode) to a DH rib waveguide (5.8 x 0.8 mum large
mode), is achieved with 4.5 dB polarisation independent loss. Couplin
g tolerances are highly relaxed. The fabrication method uses a thin cl
adding layer which ends up to a quasi-planar structure suitable with f
urther integration process.