Admittance diagrams are used to analyze qualitatively and quantitative
ly the behavior of inhomogeneous thin films with an arbitrary refracti
ve-index function. From this study it follows that one can treat the b
ehavior of rugate filters by using the concept of effective refractive
indices, which are associated with the phase integral in a simple way
. These results are applied to the study of periodic systems, and, as
expected, one can consider high and low effective refractive indices t
o determine the important parameters of these stop bands. With these i
deas it is possible that one can deal with rugate filters more closely
as homogeneous periodic systems by taking advantage of the existing t
heory.