Productivity is defined and presented in both its performance measurem
ent role and its strategic context for manufacturing and service secto
rs. The development of productivity, especially total productivity, an
d its connection with management accounting is highlighted. The inter-
relationship of productivity analysis to competitive advantage and tec
hnology is also discussed. Strategic management accounting, incorporat
ing productivity, is shown to focus on price recovery and profitabilit
y with alternative methods revealed. The approach for external estimat
ions for competitive analysis, utilising benchmarking, is set out. Cap
ital input within productivity measurement is studied, specifically ex
amining inflation, technological change and capacity maintenance. Alli
ed to total productivity, a methodology is put forward for capital inp
ut for strategic analysis.