Ja. Bishop et al., TESTING FOR MARGINAL CHANGES IN INCOME DISTRIBUTIONS WITH LORENZ AND CONCENTRATION CURVES, International economic review, 35(2), 1994, pp. 479-488
Asymptotically distribution free statistical tests for comparing absol
ute and relative Lorenz and concentration curves are provided. The pro
cedures do not require independent samples and can be used to test for
marginal changes in income distributions. The tests are illustrated u
sing a large sample of tax returns that have been randomly selected fo
r audit by the Internal Revenue Service. The tests reveal the marginal
effects of systematic underreporting of income and tax liabilities on
the U.S. income distribution.