We report on a 48-year-old man who developed over several months a pro
gressive polyradiculitis. An extensive space-occupying lesion in the a
nterior mediastinum was diagnosed and a thymoma was suspected. Histolo
gical examination, however, did not reveal neoplasia but granulomatous
thymitis. Thymectomy and corticoid therapy led to clinical normalizat
ion. The association of thymitis with chronic polyradiculitis has not
been previously described. The possible origins of this combination ar
e discussed.