PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION OF ESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE IN NORMAL AND APPENDAGE-FREE SHIN OF THE HAIRLESS RAT - LACK OF IMPORTANCE OF NUTRITIONAL BLOOD-FLOW

Percutaneous absorption occurs after passive diffusion through the dif ferent layers of the skin and its appendages. Thereafter, a resorption process into the cutaneous microcirculation brings the compounds into the systemic circulation. The objective of this in vivo study in the hairless rat was to compare the percutaneous absorption of two steroid s on normal and appendage-free (scar) skin and to show if differences in absorption result only from the lack of hair follicles and sebaceou s glands and/or from a modification of local blood flow. Percutaneous absorption was evaluated with estradiol and progesterone after 30 min, 2 and 6 h. Except after 30 min, the reservoir function of the stratum corneum of scar skin was approximately twice as high as in normal ski n. Eighty to ninety percent of the estradiol and progesterone found in the stratum corneum were located in its superficial layers. Inversely , whatever the application time was, the concentrations of both steroi ds in the epidermis and dermis were significantly higher in normal ski n than in scar skin with maximal difference between about 40 and 400 m u m, the area of sebaceous gland localization. Cutaneous blood flow in full-thickness skin, assessed by the thallium-201 method, was globall y identical in normal and in scar skin. In scar skin, at the level of papillary dermis, a decrease in blood flow due to the thicker viable e pidermis and the flat dermoepidermal junction has been shown without i mplying an accumulation of drug in the epidermis and superficial dermi s. Under these conditions, our results clearly demonstrate that the nu tritional blood flow does not interfere with the percutaneous absorpti on of estradiol and progesterone in normal and scar skin. Thus, they c onfirm the significant contribution of hair follicles and sebaceous gl ands to drug penetration into the skin and subsequently the systemic c irculation.