DRUMMING BEHAVIOR OF 2 STONEFLY SPECIES, MICROPERLA-BREVICAUDA KAWAI (PELTOPERLIDAE) AND KAMIMURIA-TIBIALIS (PICTET) (PERLIDAE), IN RELATION TO OTHER BEHAVIORS

Drumming and other behaviors of two stonefly species, Microperla brevi cauda Kawai and Kamimuria tibialis (Pictet) were observed in the field . M. brevicauda exhibited both contact drumming and non-contact drummi ng. Contact drumming was performed by a nude or female mounted by othe r individuals, and the temporal and spatial patterns of contact drummi ng correlated with copulative behaviors. Non-contact drumming was prod uced only by males, especially dark-colored males, in the field. But i n die laboratory, females responded with non-contact drumming to male' s drummings. The frequency of non-contact drumming in M. brevicauda co rrelated with that of walking, but not with that of copulation in time and space. In K. tibialis, only non-contact drumming by males was obs erved in the field, and it showed temporal and spatial correlation wit h walking and flight, and also with copulative behaviors. Male-female exchanges of non-contact drumming were observed in the laboratory, ind icating that they function during mate search by males. These observat ions suggest that significance of drumming behaviors was different bet ween these two species.