Reinfection of previously ''immune'' patients with varicella-zoster vi
rus can result in recurrent chickenpox. However, relapses of chickenpo
x are not well recognized. We describe a young man with lymphoma who r
apidly developed multiple, discrete relapses of chickenpox each time t
herapy with acyclovir was stopped. His cutaneous infection eventually
became unremitting, despite continuous treatment with acyclovir. No ev
idence ever suggested visceral dissemination of varicella. The patient
died suddenly; the cause of death was not determined.