EXTERNAL NETWORK MODELING - RECENT PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE

The purpose of this paper is to discuss recent practical experience in external network modeling at a number of utility control centers. Thi s paper presents a set of short notes that discuss recent practical ex periences on external network modeling. The introduction provides a fr amework for the rest of the short notes by discussing network represen tation, modeling issues, unobservable internal models versus unreduced external models, and data for the unobservable network. The first sho rt note discusses the solution methods consisting of power flow, one p ass SE, and two pass SE. The remaining short notes discuss recent prac tical experience on external network modeling at a number of utility c ontrol centers. The last short note describes techniques for developin g REI equivalents.