COMPUTER USE IN COGNITIVE-PSYCHOLOGY

Some influences of computers on theory and methodology in cognitive re search are discussed. Theoretical constructs that cognitive science ha s borrowed from computer science include processing algorithms, proces sing rates, information organization, and information selection. The a pplication of these constructs to human information processing is cons idered, with illustrations from memory and reading research. Further, the role of computers in research methodology is evaluated, on the bas is of a comparison of 1962 and 1992 journal articles. Attributes consi dered include the nature of stimulus control, item content and physica l features, cognitive task demands, information feedback to subjects, and assessment of individual differences in cognitive strategies. Thes e methodological attributes are illustrated by memory and reading para digms for which computer technology is critical. Computer science has enriched theory and data in cognitive science, but the comparison of j ournal articles from 1962 and 1992 suggests that many psychologists ar e not taking full advantage of these possibilities.