Jc. Chen et Ld. Holinger, CONGENITAL TRACHEAL ANOMALIES - PATHOLOGY STUDY USING SERIAL MACROSECTIONS AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE, Pediatric pathology, 14(3), 1994, pp. 513-537
This description of congenital tracheal lesions is presented with a fo
cus on the information derived from the specimens collected for the La
ryngeal Development Laboratory at the Children's Memorial Hospital in
Chicago from 1975 to 1992. During this period, 115 laryngotracheal spe
cimens were obtained, 22 of which were found to have congenital trache
al anomalies. Six specimens were determined to have tracheomalacia, in
cluding one with primary tracheomalacia and five with secondary trache
omalacia: three were associated with tracheoesophageal fistula and two
with aberrant innominate artery. Thirteen specimens had a trapped fir
st tracheal arch; one, complete tracheal rings; and two, tracheal cart
ilaginous sleeve. Three specimens had tracheal agenesis, and three, tr
acheoesophageal fistula. Some specimens have more than one tracheal an
omaly. Sixteen patients also had anomalies of other systems.