The present study uses data from the National Survey of Families and H
ouseholds to examine socialization and stress hypotheses which link fa
mily structure during childhood with entry into first marriage. Result
s from logistic regressions show evidence for both hypotheses. The fin
dings show that years lived with mother only during early childhood an
d change from both biological parents to mother-only families signific
antly increase chances for delayed marriage for whites. One other fact
or, being born into a mother-only family, increased chances for early
marriage. Thus, for whites, we found counteracting influences of famil
y structure during childhood on marriage. For blacks, the family struc
ture measures, overall, show little effect on entry into marriage. Fin
ally, we found that family structure had a stronger impact for those b
orn in the 1940s than for those born later.