AN AIR-QUALITY DATA-ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR INTERRELATING EFFECTS, STANDARDS, AND NEEDED SOURCE REDUCTIONS .12. EFFECTS ON MAN, ANIMALS, AND PLANTS AS A FUNCTION OF AIR POLLUTANT IMPACT

The impact-effect mathematical model, developed in 1991, improves on a previous mathematical model, and was developed to predict biological response as a function of air pollutant impact. Impact is defined here as exposure duration multiplied by air pollutant concentration raised to an exponent (t . c(d)). This papers purpose is to plot and regress example biological effects as a function of air pollutant impact to d etermine how well the plotted data fit the impact-effect-model for thr ee target populations: man, animals, and plants (a wide range of life forms). The three biological effects are: for man, lung function decre ase after exposure to ozone (O3); for animals, mouse mortality after e xposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2); and for plants, leaf injury after e xposure to O3. The three resultant regression equations account for a substantial amount of the data variance: 95 percent for lung function, 92 percent for leaf injury, and 73 percent for mouse mortality. The m odel fits the animal and plant data that cover both acute and chronic exposures. The animal exposures ranged from 6 min to 1 yr. The plant e xposures ranged from 0.75 to 552 h.