PERSISTENT EFFECTS OF ANTIDEPRESSANTS - EEG SLEEP STUDIES IN DEPRESSED-PATIENTS DURING MAINTENANCE TREATMENT

Electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep studies represent a research tool that can be used to examine depressed patients over different phases o f their illness. We examined the long-term effects of imipramine on EE G sleep in 27 Subjects who completed 3 years of maintenance treatment on imipramine without experiencing a recurrence. The analyses were per formed on EEG sleep data collected prior to acute treatment, after 3 m onths in maintenance, and every 3 months thereafter. The major aim was to examine specific changes in rapid eye movement (REM) and slow-wave sleep (SWS) as they unfolded over the course of illness and recovery during long-term drug maintenance. The acute changes in the sleep prof ile produced by antidepressants remained essentially the same througho ut the entire period of drug administration. The REM sleep parameters, which were affected immediately, remained essentially unchanged there after, even as long as 3 years into maintenance treatment. A rapid red istribution of slow-wave sleep in the first part of the night was also observed without an increase in the total amount of slow-wave sleep t hroughout the night. The application of spectral analysis confirmed th at the sleep changes following drug administration remained stable thr oughout all phases of drug treatment. Thus, it appears that sustained clinical improvement is accompanied by persistent sleep alterations on tricyclic antidepressant medication.