The systematic terms of metapsychology expressed in Freud's theory of
oedipal guilt have overshadowed his emergent ideas about preoedipal in
ternal objects and preoedipal guilt. This article reconstructs the lat
ent theory of preoedipal guilt in his notions of narcissism, fantasy,
aggression, and ambivalence. Special attention is devoted to his discu
ssions of the narcissistic function of creating fantasized objects thr
ough identificatory processes, in order to compensate for loss of dist
urbances in object relating. Although Freud put forward the notion of
oedipal guilt as a derivative of secondary mental processes, he intuit
ively grasped that guilt emerges from the conflict-bound sphere of pre
oedipal relations. ''A Child Is Being Beaten'' is used as an illustrat
ion, as are clinical examples drawn from the author's practice.