An understanding of the atomic structure at internal interfaces is of
crucial importance for the electronic and structural properties of mos
t advanced materials. Here, me present a detailed study of the atomic
structure at a [001] tilt grain boundary of Sigma 5(210) in TiO2 (ruti
le). Z-contrast imaging is used to obtain a 2-D atomic map of the cati
on positions at the interface. Details of the charge state of cations
and atomic structure around anion sites are then provided using electr
on energy loss spectroscopy, In particular, the spectroscopic data for
oxygen is interpreted using multiple scattering theory to give 3-D st
ructural information. These combined techniques allow a unique grain b
oundary structure to be defined.