Oe. Dahl et al., TOXIC EFFECTS OF METHYLMETHACRYLATE MONOMER ON LEUKOCYTES AND ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS IN-VITRO, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica, 65(2), 1994, pp. 147-153
The influence of methylmethacrylate monomer (MMA) on the cellular inte
grity of monocytes, granulocytes and endothelial cells in vitro was in
vestigated. Clinically relevant blood concentrations of MMA (i.e., 5-1
0 mug/mL) were clearly cytotoxic to all cell types studied, as evidenc
ed by the release of lactic dehydrogenase (LD) and Cr-51, and increase
d uptake of trypan blue (vital staining). Scanning electron microscopi
c examination of cells treated with 10 mug/mL MMA showed marked signs
of cytotoxicity after 1 min incubation, and after 30 min the majority
of the cells were totally disintegrated. These findings may have clini
cal bearing on intraoperative cardiorespiratory dysfunction and deep v
ein thrombosis in MMA-fixed joint replacement surgery.