Transthoracic needle aspiration biopsy of lung nodules is often perfor
med under fluoroscopic guidance after measurement of lesion depth on p
reliminary computed tomography (CT) scans is obtained. We evaluated th
e change in depth of nodules in 10 patients in whom pneumothorax devel
oped during CT-guided biopsy. We observed that nodule depth changed by
an amount equal to the size of the pneumothorax. Awareness of the pot
ential effect of pneumothorax on lesion depth should be helpful in red
ucing the likelihood of false-negative results with CT-assisted fluoro
scopic biopsy when only single-plane fluoroscopy is available.