Td. Kieu et Cj. Griffin, MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS WITH INDEFINITE AND COMPLEX-VALUED MEASURES, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 49(5), 1994, pp. 3855-3859
A method is presented to tackle the sign problem in the simulations of
systems having indefinite or complex-valued measures. In general, thi
s approach is shown to yield statistical errors smaller than the crude
Monte Carlo using absolute values of the original measures. Exactly s
olvable, one-dimensional Ising models with complex temperature and com
plex activity illustrate the considerable improvements and the workabi
lity of this method even when the crude one fails.