Plant and soil nematodes significantly impact our lives. Therefore, we
must understand and manage these complex organisms so that we may con
tinue to develop and sustain our food production systems, our natural
resources, our environment, and our quality of life. This publication
looks specifically at soil and plant nematology. First, the societal i
mpact of nematodes and benefits of nematology research are briefly pre
sented. Next, the opportunities facing nematology in the next decade a
re outlined, as well as the resources needed to address these prioriti
es. The safety and sustainability of U.S. food and fiber production de
pends on public and administrative understanding of the importance of
nematodes, the drastic effects of nematodes on many agricultural and h
orticultural crops, and the current research priorities of nematology.