ON THE TRENDS AND METHODS OF PROGNOSTIC S IMULATION OF POLLUTED GROUNDWATER CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION

The possibilities of prognostic simulation in respect of chemical comp osition of groundwater in technogenic situations is determined by the problem of joint solving of transport, thermodynamic and kinetic model s of groundwater chemical composition formation. The general system of groundwater quality prognostic simulation is comprised of three subsy stems as following: transport subsystem, thermodynamic subsystem, kine tic subsystem. The transport subsystem involves the calculation of com ponent mass transfer based on mechanical hydrodynamic parameters of co nvective processes. This subsystem ascribes the mass balance of compon ents ar any point in given time. The thermodynamic subsystem establish es the limits of equilibrium element concentration at every given spac e or temporal interation step. The kinetic subsystem determines the co ncentration distribution in groundwater as a function of time and velo city of reaction proceeding. The development of such joint model would enable to solve the prognostic problems in relation to both conservat ive and nonconservative substances. The succession of computation depe nds on the geochemical properties of predicted substances. The conserv ative component nents should simulated only by use of transport subsys tem whereas the nonconservative ones in dependence of their geochemica l properties need the application of thermodynamic and/or kinetic subs ystems.