Seven hospital workers (nurses) experienced accidental needle stick wi
th needles contaminated by blood from chronic hepatitis C patients. HC
V-RNA was detected in blood collected from two of these cases within a
n extremely short time after the accident, 10 min and 120 min. The two
nurses subsequently became negative for HCV-RNA, never tested positiv
e for HCV antibody, and never developed acute hepatitis C. HCV viremia
can be readily established within an extremely short period of time a
fter a HCV-contaminated needle stick accident.