ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTED AGR ONOMIC TREATMENTS ON OAT GRAIN-YIELD AND ITS QUALITY

The aim of this study was to analyze and to determine the sequence of the influence of basic cultural practices on the oat grain yield and i ts quality. The data of field experiments carried out in the potato-oa t growing region in 1979 to 1985 were used. The following cultural pra ctices were studied: seeding rates: 3.5 (control), 4.5 and 5.5 million germinable kernels.ha-1, nitrogen rates: 60 (control), 90 and 120 kg of primary nutrients.ha-1, Retacel application: without application (c ontrol), 4 I.ha-1 at the phasis F 6. Flamingsnova and Pan varieties, w hich were grown after winter wheat, were selected for this analysis. E ffects of the agronomic treatments were evaluated from the following t wo aspects: absolute differences between values of the control and tho se influenced by increased inputs; for testing an independent and pair ed comparison t-test at the significance levels of 0.05 and 0.01 were used; based on these absolute differences, the sequence of influence o f agronomic treatments on the grain yield and quality (crude protein c ontent in dry matter of oat grain) was determined; a character of affe cting increased inputs as compared to the control; for this p a linear regression analysis and modified method for estimating the yield stab ility were used. All of the agronomic treatments analyzed influenced t he yield in the following order: 120, 90 kg N.ha-1, Retacel applicatio n, seeding rates 5.5 and 4.5 million germinable kernels.ha-1. Higher n itrogen rates showed positive effects on the productive tillering of p lants. Only an insignificant yield difference (0.7 t.ha-1) was recorde d between the application rates of 90 and 120 kg N.ha-1. The highest n itrogen rate (120 kg ha-1) caused a negative correlation between a pro ductive stem number and grain number per panicle. Thus, the applicatio n of this nitrogen rate in the potato-oat growing region is not effect ive. Retacel applied at the 6th growth stage at the rate of 4 1.ha-1 i ncreased the yield by 0.27 t ha-1. That increased productive density b y 20 panicles per 1 m2 and grain number per panicle by 1.9. The applic ation of Retacel showed insignificant effects on the grain yield. High er seeding rates 5.5 and 4.5 million germinable kernels ha-1 increased the yield by 0.23 and 0.12 t.ha-1, respectively, on average for the p eriod analyzed. The higher seeding rates gave increased productive den sity of the stand. The panicle productivity, however, tended to lower values with increased seeding rates. A grain number per panicle was re duced more than 1,000-kernel weight. Evaluating the grain protein cont ent, insignificant negative correlation (r = -0.377) was found between the grain yield and grain protein content. Maximum protein content wa s obtained after applying 120 kg Nha-1; the yield was 0.5 % higher as compared to the control rate of 60 kg Nha-1. The rate of 90 kg N. ha-1 increased protein content in grain dry matter by 0.16 % only. That su ggests that the increase in grain protein was more apparent after appl ying 120 kg Nha-1 than lower nitrogen rates. The other factors analyze d did not show significant effects on the grain protein content in oat s.