Thymic haemorrhage in a neonate is an exceedingly rare condition. A ca
se is presented of a neonate presenting at birth with cyanosis, respir
atory distress and an anterior mediastinal mass. The radiological find
ings are demonstrated. After surgical excision and histopathological e
xamination the lesion was found to be spontaneous haemorrhage into nor
mal thymic tissue. Spontaneous thymic haemorrhage should be considered
in any neonate developing acute respiratory distress with widening of
the mediastinum and pleural effusion on chest radiography. Ultrasound
may be used to support the diagnosis.