Increasing environmental load with industrial toxins has led to increa
sing public awareness of the dangers of these substances. Both may res
ult in impairment of mental health: Toxins may produce various stages
of organic brain syndrome, fear of toxins may produce hypochondriac be
liefs. Psychiatric assessment rarely allows a distinction which often
turns out impossible altogether. In this article two types of exposure
are used as examples to illustrate this situation: mercury exposure o
f dental patients wearing amalgam fillings and chronic organic solvent
exposure of spray painters.