SPIN-DEPENDENT ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE AT MAGNETIC-SURFACES - THE LOW-MILLER-INDEX SURFACES OF NICKEL

The understanding, on a microscopic level, of magnetic phenomena at su rfaces and interfaces hinges on a detailed knowledge of the spin-depen dent electronic structure, particularly close to the Fermi level. Expe rimentally, the most direct access to the spin-dependent electronic st ates is given by angle-resolved photoemission and inverse photoemissio n with spin resolution for the emitted and incident electrons, respect ively, This report reviews spin-resolved inverse photoemission results on empty electronic states at the low-Miller-index surfaces of nickel as a prototype of a ferromagnetic 3d transition metal. Examples cover bulk-like electronic states, different kinds of Surface states, and a dsorbate-induced modifications of the surface electronic structure. Th e data are discussed along with photoemission results on the occupied states. A variety of results is presented which demonstrate how surfac e magnetic properties are reflected in the spin-dependent electronic s tructure.