The relativistic extension of one-dimensional simple harmonic motion i
s developed in the Lagrangian formalism. The relativistic equations of
motion are derived and solved analytically. The motion with respect t
o proper time is analyzed in terms of an effective potential energy. W
hile the motion remains bounded and periodic, the effect of time dilat
ion along the world line is to cause it to become anharmonic with the
period increasing with amplitude and the curvature concentrated at the
turning points.