QUATERNARY GEOLOGY AND MORPHOTECTONIC EVOLUTION OF THE LOWER SIND BASIN, MARGINAL GANGETIC PLAINS, MP AND UP

The lower reaches of the Sind River, a tributory of the Yamuna, exhibi ts a thick accumulation of Quaternary alluvium deposited by the ancien t river system of the Ganga and the present Sind River. The alluvial s equence comprises the Older Alluvium and the Younger Alluvium which ar e divisible into three lithostratigraphic units, viz., the Gohad-Mau-M ihona Formation, the Bera (Sijroli) Formation, and the Sind Formation. Six geomorphic units, namely, the Denudational Hill, the Jaswantnagar Surface, the Gohad-Mau-Mihona Surface, the Bera (Sijroli) Surface, th e Sind Surface, and the Ravinous Tract are identified in the study are a between 270 m and 100 m above MSL. The alluvial surfaces, constituti ng the fluvial terraces and the recent floodplains, reflect a complex process of aggradation and down cutting by the rivers during die morph otectonic evolution of the basin in Late-Quaternary and Recent period. Evidences of two episodes of neotectonism, which could be genetically related to the Himalayan orogenic movements of Late Pleistocene-Holoc ene period, are identified in the area of study.