L. Liu et H. Elwing, COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION ON SOLID-SURFACES AS DETERMINED BY C3 DEPOSITION AND HEMOLYTIC CONSUMPTION, Journal of biomedical materials research, 28(7), 1994, pp. 767-773
Complement activation was investigated on hydrophilic and hydrophobic
glass beads incubated in serum. Very little complement activation was
detected with these surfaces, as indicated by a hemolytic assay and by
measurement of the amount of iC3b appearing in the solution. However,
preadsorption with IgG at the hydrophobic and hydrophilic beads resul
ted in complement activation on both surfaces. We also investigated de
pendent deposition of C3 at hydrophobic and hydrophilic silicon surfac
es when the complement was activated. The chemistry of those surfaces
is similar to the hydrophobic and hydrophilic beads. Ellipsometry, an
optical method, was used for determination of the amounts of organic m
aterial deposited at the surface. C3 deposition was observed at the Ig
G precoated hydrophobic surface but not at the IgG-coated hydrophilic
surface. The absence of C3 deposition at the hydrophilic surface was p
robably due to reversible binding of IgG. However, precoating of the h
ydrophilic surface with a double layer of IgG and anti-IgG resulted in
C3 deposition also at the hydrophilic surface. The results illustrate
that methods based on measuring deposition of C3 at surfaces, such as
immunofluorescence or ellipsometry, cannot exclude surface-associated
complement activation that is probably due to reversible binding of t
he complement components of the activated molecule. On the other hand,
it has previously been shown that determination of complement activat
ion in solution with the use of a C3a assay cannot exclude surface-ass
ociated activation due to immobilization of C3a at the surface.(1) Thi
s methodologic question is an important issue because factors such as
C3a and C5a act as soluble anaphylatoxins, whereas deposited factors s
uch as C3 act as cellular receptors. (C) 1994 John Wiley and Sons, Inc
.