This review considers the many techniques that have been developed to
enhance convective heat transfer. After introducing the techniques, th
e applications to most of the modes of heat transfer (single-phase for
ced convection, including compound techniques, pool boiling, convectiv
e boiling/evaporation, vapor-space condensation, and convective conden
sation) are described. Comments are offered regarding commercial intro
duction of this technology and the generations of heat transfer techno
logy; advanced enhancement represents third-generation heat transfer t
echnology.