THE X-RAY SURFACE FORCES APPARATUS - STRUCTURE OF A THIN SMECTIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL FILM UNDER CONFINEMENT

Authors
IDZIAK SHJ SAFINYA CR HILL RS KRAISER KE RUTHS M WARRINER HE STEINBERG S LIANG KS ISRAELACHVILI JN
Citation
Shj. Idziak et al., THE X-RAY SURFACE FORCES APPARATUS - STRUCTURE OF A THIN SMECTIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL FILM UNDER CONFINEMENT, Science, 264(5167), 1994, pp. 1915-1918
Citations number
34
Categorie Soggetti
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Journal title
Science → ACNP
ISSN journal
00368075
Volume
264
Issue
5167
Year of publication
1994
Pages
1915 - 1918
Database
ISI
SICI code
0036-8075(1994)264:5167<1915:TXSFA->2.0.ZU;2-N
Abstract
An x-ray surface forces apparatus for simultaneously measuring forces and structures of confined complex fluids under static and flow condit ions is described. This apparatus, combined with an intense synchrotro n x-ray source, allows investigation of molecular orientations within a thin liquid crystal film confined between two shearing mica surfaces 3900 angstroms apart. The layer-forming smectic liquid crystal 8CB (4 -cyano-4'-octylbiphenyl) adopted a series of distinct planar layer ori entations, including the bulk flow-forbidden b orientation.