TUBERCULOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH HIV-INFECTION WHO RECEIVE CORTICOSTEROIDS FOR PRESUMED PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII PNEUMONIA

To determine if the use of corticosteroids for presumed Pneumocystis c arinii pneumonia exacerbated undiagnosed tuberculosis or increased the likelihood of reactivation tuberculosis, we reviewed medical records of 144 hospitalized HIV-infected patients who received antipneumocysti s therapy. Ninety-four patients (Group C) received corticosteroids and 50 patients (Group NC) did not. One hundred and thirty-seven patients (97%) had acid-fast stains and mycobacterial cultures performed. Grou p C and Group NC were similar in ethnicity, distribution of HIV risk f actors and CD4 cell count. Eight (9%) Group C patients and seven (14%) Group NC patients had culture-proven tuberculosis during their hospit alization. After a median followup of 16 mo af ter discharge, one (2%) Group C patient and two (4%) Group NC patients developed tuberculosis . Only one patient in Group C died of tuberculosis, despite receiving antituberculosis therapy. We conclude that the use of corticosteroids for presumed Fl carinii pneumonia does not increase morbidity from und iagnosed tuberculosis or increase the frequency of reactivation tuberc ulosis.