New actors on the international health scene have emerged, challenging
WHO's leadership in global health. The role and functions of WHO have
been questioned. Changes in financing have eroded the influence of th
e governing bodies. The Nordic countries, which together provide a con
siderable share of the total voluntary contributions to WHO, have rece
ntly made a number of studies of WHO, pinpointing weaknesses and propo
sing reforms. A slow reform process is also taking place within WHO. T
he main conclusions from these studies are analyzed and the areas with
the greatest need for reform are studied. This paper presents proposa
ls for the far-reaching reforms needed for WHO to recapture its leader
ship role in international health.